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On Highway 61

Music, Race, and the Evolution of Cultural Freedom

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1 of 1 copy available
1 of 1 copy available
On Highway 61 explores the historical context of the significant social dissent that was central to the cultural genesis of the sixties. The book is going to search for the deeper roots of American cultural and musical evolution for the past 150 years by studying what the Western European culture learned from African American culture in a historical progression that reaches from the minstrel era to Bob Dylan.
The book begins with America's first great social critic, Henry David Thoreau, and his fundamental source of social philosophy:–––his profound commitment to freedom, to abolitionism and to African–American culture. Continuing with Mark Twain, through whom we can observe the rise of minstrelsy, which he embraced, and his subversive satirical masterpiece Huckleberry Finn. While familiar, the book places them into a newly articulated historical reference that shines new light and reveals a progression that is much greater than the sum of its individual parts.
As the first post–Civil War generation of black Americans came of age, they introduced into the national culture a trio of musical forms—ragtime, blues, and jazz— that would, with their derivations, dominate popular music to this day. Ragtime introduced syncopation and become the cutting edge of the modern 20th century with popular dances. The blues would combine with syncopation and improvisation and create jazz. Maturing at the hands of Louis Armstrong, it would soon attract a cluster of young white musicians who came to be known as the Austin High Gang, who fell in love with black music and were inspired to play it themselves. In the process, they developed a liberating respect for the diversity of their city and country, which they did not see as exotic, but rather as art. It was not long before these young white rebels were the masters of American pop music – big band Swing.
As Bop succeeded Swing, and Rhythm and Blues followed, each had white followers like the Beat writers and the first young rock and rollers. Even popular white genres like the country music of Jimmy Rodgers and the Carter Family reflected significant black influence. In fact, the theoretical separation of American music by race is not accurate. This biracial fusion achieved an apotheosis in the early work of Bob Dylan, born and raised at the northern end of the same Mississippi River and Highway 61 that had been the birthplace of much of the black music he would study.
As the book reveals, the connection that began with Thoreau and continued for over 100 years was a cultural evolution where, at first individuals, and then larger portions of society, absorbed the culture of those at the absolute bottom of the power structure, the slaves and their descendants, and realized that they themselves were not free.
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    • Kirkus

      August 15, 2014
      A combination of cultural history of American popular music and race relations and a fan's notes on Bob Dylan, whose story consumes the final 100 pages.The author, who has published previously about the Beats (Desolate Angel: Jack Kerouac, the Beat Generation, and America, 1979) and about the Grateful Dead (A Long Strange Trip: The Inside History of the Grateful Dead, 2002), offers an extensive analysis of and tribute to the popular music that grew along Route 61, from New Orleans to Wyoming, Minnesota, paralleling for much of its length the course of the Mississippi River. McNally begins with Thoreau and abolitionism and then segues to Mark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (the author joins the debate about that novel's controversial final chapters) before beginning his story about the founding fathers and mothers of our popular music. Readers will recognize many of the artists he discusses. Scott Joplin, W.C. Handy, Louis Armstrong, Bessie Smith, Benny Goodman, Lead Belly, Duke Ellington, Robert Johnson, Woody Guthrie, Dizzy Gillespie, Elvis Presley, John Coltrane, Charlie Parker-these and numerous others form the first three-quarters of McNally's story. Lesser-known names and narratives are here, as well (Charlie Patton and Buddy Bolden among them). The author also offers a summary of key events in American racial history: the era of lynching, the Freedom Riders, the rise of Martin Luther King Jr., Selma and much more. He notes the transitions from blues to jazz to folk to rock and the emotions each emergence occasioned (he mentions that Pete Seeger wept when Dylan went electric at Newport in 1965). In 1965, Dylan released his album "Highway 61 Revisited," and McNally's praise for Dylan is unrelenting-and a tad disproportionate. A concise, Dylan-heavy history of the American relationship between race and music.

      COPYRIGHT(2014) Kirkus Reviews, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

    • Library Journal

      November 1, 2014

      McNally studies the white obsession with and appropriation of black music, from ragtime to blues and from jazz to rhythm and blues, culminating in Bob Dylan's early work.

      Copyright 2014 Library Journal, LLC Used with permission.

    • Booklist

      August 1, 2014
      McNally, who has written on music (A Long Strange Trip, 2002, on the Grateful Dead) and on American culture and counterculture (Desolate Angel, 1981, on Jack Kerouac), again takes on that interface, presumably from the origin of the blues near Highway 61 in the Mississippi delta to its impact on whites like Bob Dylan, raised near that highway's northern extension way upriver in Minnesota. He provides extensive background, delivering along the way commendable histories of early jazz, folk music, and rock. The book's subject (professedly an idiosyncratic history of the American alternative voice ) often gets buried in its context; McNally takes some roundabout back roads, though not uninterestingly, before getting on the highway. And his theme of the freedom principle, dating back to Thoreau, through Twain, to black musicians and white aficionados, fades in and out of focus and seems self-evident in a discussion of music that by nature is out of the mainstream. Some, too, may find his emphasis on Dylan as the apotheosis of cultural freedom overstated, but there is much here of interest to serious lovers of innovative music in America.(Reprinted with permission of Booklist, copyright 2014, American Library Association.)

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